Congenital Retinal Vascular Anomalies- 2 (Coloboma, Retinal Cavernous Hemangioma, Arterio-Venous Malformation, Retinal Capillary Hemangioblastoma, Von Hippel-Lindau Syndrome)

Retinal vascular anomalies are a heterogeneous group consisting of congenital and acquired lesions. The visual prognosis varies in a wide range from asymptomatic to advanced vision loss according to the location of the lesion. Diagnosis is made by fundus examination, fluorescein angiography, and optical coherence tomography. It may be associated with systemic diseases and may require detailed systemic examination. This review includes coloboma, retinal cavernous hemangioma, arterio-venous malformation, and retinal capillary hemangioblastoma. The important clinical and diagnostic features, systemic relationships, and current treatment strategies of these anomalies are emphasized in the light of current literature.