Risk Factors and Genetics in Wet-Form (Neovascular) Age-Related Macular Degeneration

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a complex disease, with both genetic and environmental risk factors. Epigenetic factors also seem to play a role in the pathogenesis of AMD. Current genetic knowledge has brought opportunities for improved risk assessment and diagnosis of genetic variants. Complement factor H (CFH) and age-related maculopathy susceptibility 2 (ARMS2) are the most studied genes associated with AMD. A better understanding of the role of genetics in AMD may lead to personalized treatment in future.