Epidemiology, Prevalence and Incidence in Pachychoroid Disease Spectrum

Pachychoroid is a relatively novel concept describing a phenotype characterized by increased choroidal thickening, pathologically dilated veins in the Haller’s layer (pachy-veins), thinning in Sattler’s and choriocapilleris layers. The spectrum comprises the following disease groups: Pachychoroid Pigment Epitheliopathy (PPE), Central Serous Chorioretinopathy (CSCR), Pachychoroid Neovasculopathy (PNV), Polipoidal Choroidal Vasculopathy (PCV), Focal choroidal excavation (FCE), Peripapillary pachychoroid syndrome (PPS). These conditions all exhibit the characteristic choroidal alterations and are believed to represent different manifestations of a common pathogenic process. The aim of this review is to exhibit the epidemiology, incidence and prevalence of the pachychoroid diseases respectively.