HIV Associated Uveitis

Intraocular inflammation is commonly seen during human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Although most common cause of intraocular inflammation in HIV positive patients is the opportunistic infections, uveitis caused by direct effect of HIV, drug induced uveitis and immune reactive uveitis are the other important causes of the uveitis in these patients. If anterior uveitis in a HIV positive patients does not respond to topical steroids or there is no clue for an infectious agent and if these patients have not received enough highly active retroviral treatment, HIV related uveitis should be suspected. It should also be kept in mind that uveitis due to drug-induced uveitis and highly active anti-retroviral treatment (HAART) induced immune recovery uveitis may be observed during treatment of these cases.