Imaging in Central Retinal Vein Occlusion and Macular Edema

Retinal vein occlusion (RVO) is one of the most common retinal vascular diseases. Macular edema (ME) is the most common reason of decreased visual acuity in RVO. Macular edema results from disruption of the blood-retinal barrier and subsequent accumulation of the leaking fluid leading to increased retinal thickness. Fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA) and optical coherence tomography (OCT) are commonly used for the diagnosis of macular edema. FFA identifies the anatomical location and pattern of vascular leakage and shows the retinal blood circulation system. OCT allows to describe the morphological characteristics of macular edema and also to monitor treatment response of ME to different drugs. Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) is a new method that can visualize the vascular networks in separate layers of the retina in the macular region. In this paper, the authors aimed to review the evaluation of these three tests in ME secondary to central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO).